SOLUTION!
Took a while to dig into this, but I found that after converting a project from the Legacy framework to the Windows framework, it would not compile the Main.xaml any longer.
Eventually, I found that the “VisualBasicValue1_1" key was being used for 2 different transitions. (In addition, "VisualBasicValue
1_2” was also being used twice.) The new Windows framework did not like the fact that two transitions were being assigned the same key. (See below.)
All I did to fix it was change one of the “VisualBasicValue1_1" keys to "VisualBasicValue
1_6” (which wasn’t being used) and one of the “VisualBasicValue1_2" keys to "VisualBasicValue
1_7”. Problem solved.
So weird that the Legacy framework compiled it with duplicate keys but the Windows framework did not.
Hope this helps others!